长线备战雅思（三到五个月）or 想提高英语水平的人， 可以通过阅读《经济学人》学到什么？

1 先看下雅思考试要求

雅思考试的评分标准：（直接上9分的评分标准）

• Task AchievementeuRUQKji
• Coherence and Cohesion
• Lexical Resource
• Grammatical Range and Accuracy

个人觉得《经济学人》的文章完全满足这四点，满分！

PS：

• 如果是为了应付考试，可以根据考试原由网题型、考试评分标准来选择性的学习《经济学人》。
• 毕竟有目的性的学习在短期内更有效果。如果单纯为了学习英语，建议长期坚持，每天抽出一两个小时阅读经济学人，养成习惯。

雅思写作task 2最常出现的十个话题：

而这些话题在《经济学人》里都可以找到相关的话题，只要找到一篇精读，就可以积累相当多的词汇√、用法√、句式√.......

2 再来看下具体的题目：

• 这是雅思speaking 部分 part2中的一个考题：Describe a team project that you worked on. You should say:what it was
• what you did
• and how you felt about it.
• 这是雅思writing 部分 task 2 有关team work 的作文：Some teacher think it is effective for students to study in group while others think it is better to study alone. What are the benefits of each way and which one do you think is more effective?

当看到这个口语话题或者作文题目的时候，最先反映在头脑里的应该是观点。

而关于team work 词汇、词组、表达，应该在生活中、备考过程中积累，平时看到就拿一个小本本记下来，或者用印象笔记，Instapaper存起来，放在手机里有空拿起来看一看。

而我们通读《经济学人》的过程中，对于备考而言，可以学习：

• 可以学习到的东西 对应雅思考核要求经济学人对问题的见解（观点）
• （写作任务回应情况）
• 用词的准确性，丰富性（词汇丰富程度）文章的结构、逻辑、连接(连贯与衔接）（语法多样性和准确性）
• 用app听音频，练听力
• 提升听力和口语水平

下面拿经济学人3.19日的文章来举个例子

Team spiritTEAMS have become the basic building-blocks of organisations. Recruitment ads routinely call for “team players”. Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in group projects. Office managers knock down walls to encourage team-building.Teams are as old as www.58yuanyou.comcivilisation, of course: even Jesus had 12 co-workers. But a new report by Deloitte, “Global Human Capital Trends”, based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached anew high. Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.

• 词汇：basic building-blocks 构成要素
• knock down walls: 把墙推倒（destroy），这里大概表示鼓励员工建设团队
• 在查字典的时候，只找到了knock sth down 的用法（reduce price)
• grade： 用作动词，给...评分
• the fashion for ...流行
• in the middle of 在…中
• embark on it 开始做...（to start something new or important:
• be about to do 打算做某事
• 表达团队的词伙：
• team players

Theirperformance in group project

team building teamwork

put more emphasis on teams

结构：这一段九个句子，简简单单，但是又有很多值得学习的地方（至少对我而言）。

1. 描述team 的现状:组织的重要组成部分，
2. 举了三个例子（recruitment ads, business schools，office managers)，
3. team有很久的历史，
4. 德勤最新的报道：团队建设取得新高,
5. 大部分公司现在在重组或者即将重组。
6. 而重组意味着将重心放在团队建设。

备考技巧

篇章中没有用连接词比如 for example 之类的，很顺畅的用每个句子的逻辑把每个句子链接在一起，只在最后用了一个for the most part =mostly / usually

当早晨起来晨读的时候，可以照着这个思路讲一段"what do you think about team work?"这样的对话；你也可以使用这些词组试着造句。

雅思作文的写作有一个很好的方法，就是将每个短语词组串联起来，然后扩写、改写（paraphrase），再将每个句子通过逻辑上的串联(make a complex sentence)，就构成一个段落。

• 在paraphrase 中应该注意：1.using synonyms
• 2.change the word order
• 3.change the form of word
• 4.change from active to passive
• 在make a complex sentence时，可以运用四种从句：1.relative clauses
• 2. subordinate clauses
• 3. conditional clauses
• 4. compound sentences

第二段：Companies are abandoning functional silos and organising employees into cross-disciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers. These teams are gaining more power to run their own affairs. They are also spending more time working with each other rather than reporting upwards. Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy.

• 词汇：abandon functional silos： 放弃缺少合作的组织架构（functional silos ：an organisation whose functions tend to be less communicative and collaborative）
• organise...into
• cross-disciplinary teams 跨职能团队（disciplianary:纪律的；惩戒的)
• gaining more power 获得更多能力
• run their own affairs处理事务
• reporting upwards
• on the rise =increasing 上升
• conventional hierarchy 传统的等级制度
• 表达团队的词伙: a network of teams

a organisational form

1. 结构：四句话公司取消个人工作，组织专门化团队；（用了一个定于从句修饰teams)
2. 这些团队有更大的能力运行事务；
3. 花更多的时间一起工作；(用 more比较级，用...rather than句式）
4. 新的组织形式增长，团队取代个人。

The fashion euRUQKjifor teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for both the modern meuRUQKjiarketplace and the expectations of employees. Technological innovation puts a premium on agility. John Chambers, chairman of Cisco, an electronics firm, says that “we compete against market transitions, not competitors. Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two.” Digital technology also makes it easier for people to co-ordinate their activities without resorting to hierarchy. The “millennials” who will soon make up half the workforce in rich countries were reared from nursery school onwards to work in groups.

• 词汇:be driven by 驱使
• be rigid for 对...来说是僵化的
• morden marketplace 国际市场
• Technological innovation 技术创新
• puts a premium on：（ to consider something important or valuable）
• Technological innovation puts a premium on agility. 技术创新使灵活性更有价值
• market transitions/Product transitions 市场转变/产品转变
• Digital technology 电子技术
• resorting to hierarchy 不得不依靠等级制度（resort to sth:（别无办法的情况下）诉诸，依靠，采用）
• were reared from 有develop发展的意思
• onwards 在...之后
• 表达团队的词伙:
• co-ordinate their activities；work in groups

1. 结构：五句话团队流行的原因：传统组织形式太死板（用be driven by表达了一个结果状语，用that引导同位语从句）
2. 技术创新使灵活性更重要了。
3. 思科总裁说，我们是和市场竞争，产品变革太快了。
4. 电子技术也使得人们开始合作。（用了一个also表示递进，用了一个without）
5. 举了一个例子（用了一个who引导的定于从句,用onwards to 引导一个时间状语）

思路：总起1说原因，然后2，3，4继续论证技术发展需要合作，5举例再论证

The fashion for teams is also spreading from the usual corporate suspects (such as GE and IBM) to some more unusual ones. The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality and rank. The US Army has gone the same way. In his book, “Team of Teams”, General Stanley McChrystal describes how the army’s hierarchical structurehindered its operations during the early stages of the Iraq war. His solution was to learn something from the insurgents it was fighting: decentraliseauthority to self-organising teams.

• 词汇：the usual suspect 意料中会出现的人；经常做某事的人
• collaborate 合作
• being separated by speciality and rank 被专业领域和等级分开
• hierarchical structure 阶级结构
• hindered its operations阻碍组织 （hinder：阻碍，妨碍）
• insurgents 叛乱者
• decentralise authority to把权力下方
• 表达团队的词伙: self-organising teams

1. 结构：六句话团队在大公司和小公司中都很流行( 用from... to)
2. 医院领导重组医生团队，专注于特殊治疗
3. 咨询护理等合作而不是分开了(用了一个instead of )
4. 美国军队也如此The US Army has gone the same way.
5. 在书中描述，阶级斗争怎么阻碍他的组织
6. 解决办法是将权利下放到小团队中

思路：总起1，举了两个例子: 医院23 军队4563 阅读方法

平时学习过程中，大家可以在网站上（阅读原文）上阅读，看得时候可以导到印象笔记或者instapaper里做笔记，用客户端（app:Economist）的同学，可以直接在软件里查词，或者复制粘贴到上述软件做笔记，也可以导成pdf放在手机下载的kindle里做笔记。

• 标注出自己不认识的单词，或者觉得用的好的词组或者搭配，然后查阅字典（可以用欧陆词典，或者苹果自带的牛津英汉汉英词典等，或者kindle的词典）
• 标注出自己觉得写的好句式，下划线，方便阅读
• 整理完笔记后定期复习，相信你会有收获的！

福利时间：

2014~2017年《经济学人》合集，添加微信：yucege100，验证：05，即可领取30G干货。