一、动词-ing形式作主语
● 动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。例如：Listening to music is www.58yuanyou.commy sister’s hobby.
● 动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构：
1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing
2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of … etc. + v-ing 例如：
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
● 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语：
admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。
2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：
be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。
3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：
● like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。如：Would you like to go shopping with me?
● 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
forget doing 忘记已做过某事；forget to do 忘记要做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事； remember to do 记住要做某事
mean dFoVZZzUooing 意思是，意味着；mean to do 打算做
regret doing 后悔做过某事;regret to do 遗憾要做某事
can’t help doing 禁不住做；can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。
● 在allow, permit, aFoVZZzUodvise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
● 动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如：
Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.
三、动词-ing的复合结构
动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如：
Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.
Wou//www.58yuanyou.comld you mind my / me using your mobile phone?
四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式 (having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如：
I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.
【巩固练习】
单项填空。
1. The suggestion they all objected to ________ very effective finally.
A. provedB. provingC. proveD. to prove
2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have hadB. Having had
C. Have D. Having
3. — What made you so happy?
— ________ the first prize.
A. GetB. Getting C. GotD. To get
4. I really appreciate ________ a great effort to help me out of the trouble.
A. you to take B. your to take
C. your taking D. your being taken
5. I still remember ________ to see films in the open air when I was small.
A. to takeB. taking
C. being taken D. to be taken
6. As a原由网 result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ________.
A. need repairingB. needs to repair
C. needs repairingD. need to repair
7. — You did very well at the meeting, Black.
— Well, I regret ________ that to the boss.
A. say B. to say
C. saidD. having said
8. It is worth considering what makes ”convenience” foods so popular, and ________ better ones of your own.
A. introduces B. to introduce
C. introducingD. introduced
Key: 1–4 ADBC5–8 CADC
瑞兹学校
