动词的时态和语态
考查行为动词、系动词、助动词的用法，以及动词的各种时sCQpzKSwl态、语态的构成和变化等。
1.___ lately?I have not seen you for quite some time.
A.Where were you gone
B.Where did you go
C.Where were you going
D.Where have you been
[翻译]最近你到哪里去了?我好长时间没有看到你了。
[精析]D 现在完成时表示过去原由网发生的动作对现在的影响，常和以下表示不确定的时间状语连用:already, before, recently, often, lately等。仅从本题的时间状语lately可知，正确答案应是D项的现在完成时。B、C项分别是过去时态和过去进行时态,A项表达不正确。故选D。
2.John and I ___ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we ___ each other a couple of times before that.
A.had been;have seen
B.have been;have seen
C.had been;had seen
D.have been;had seen
[翻译]我和约翰已是八年的好友，我俩第一次相识是在一个圣诞晚会上,但在那之前我们曾见过几次面。
[精原由网析]D 从时间状语for eight years//www.58yuanyou.com可知，第一句应用现在完成时。第三句谓语动词的动作发生在第二句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，第二句为过去时，所以第三句应用过去完成时，表示事情发生在“过去的过去”。
3.Some new oil fields ___ since 1976.
A.were opened up
B.has opened up
C.have been opened up
D.had been opened up
[翻译]自1976年以来，一些新油田得到了开发。
[精析]C 由从句中时间状语since 1976(自1976年以来)可知,本句应用现在完成时，而主语oilfields又是动词open up动作的承受者，所以应用被动语态。故选C。
4.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A.have been taken place; have been set up
B.have taken place; have been set up
C.are taken p//www.58yuanyou.comlace; were set up
D.were taken place; were set up
[翻译]这个城市发生了巨大变化，建起了很多工厂。
[精析]B take place(发生)是不及物短语动词,无被动形式;set up(建立)与factories为动宾关系，所以应用其被动形式。故选B。
5.---Do you like the material?
---Yes,it ___ very soft.
A.is felling
B.felt
C.feels
D.is felt
[翻译]---你喜欢这种料子吗? ---喜欢，它摸起来很柔软。
[精析]C feel是系动词，没有被动形式和进行时态，所以排除A、D项。又因为问句中用了一般现在时，答句中无明显的时间状语，所以要用一般现在时。故选C。
