have ones eyes on造句

编者按：

飚记英语团队成员王鹏翔对这套试卷饶有兴//www.58yuanyou.com致，并熬夜做了一个详解，且最后附上了一篇写作。笔者原样呈现，希望对大家有用。

B

1 I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness.Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for that idealjob, that perfect boyfriend, that beautiful apartment. But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, Ifelt anxious and adrift. Eventually, I decided to go tograduate school for positive psychology to learn what truly makes people happy.

2 And what’s the difference between being happy and having meaning inlife? Many psychologists define happiness as a state of comfort and ease,feeling good in the moment. Meaning, though, is deeper. The renownedpsychologist Martin Seligman says meaning comes from belonging to and servingsomething beyond yourself and from developing the best within you. Our cultureis obsessed (痴迷于) withhappiness, but I came to see that seeking meaning is the more fulfilling path.

3 There are four pillars (支柱) of a meaningful life.

4 The first pillar is belonging. Belonging comes from being in relationshipswhere you’re valued for who you are intrinsically and where you value others aswell. For many people, belonging is the most essential source of meaning.

5 For others, the key to meaning is the second pillar: purpose.Finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding that job that makes youhappy. A hospital custodian told me her purpose is healing sick people. Manyparents tell me, “My purpose is raising my children.” The key to purpose isusing your strengths to serve others. Without something worthwhile to do,people flounder.

6 The third pillar of meaning is also about stepping beyond yourself,but in a completely different way: transcendence (超然). Transcendent experiencescan change you. Transcendent states are those rare moments when you’re liftedabove the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, andyou feel connected to a higher reality. For me, I’m a writer, and it happensthrough writing. Sometimes I get so in the zone that I lose all sense of timeand place.

7 The fourth pillar is storytelling, the story you tell yourself aboutyourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clarity. Ithelps you understand how you became you. But we don’t always realize that we’rethe authors of our stories and can change the way we’re telling them. Your lifeisn’t just a list of events. You can edit, interpret and retell your story,even as you’re constrained by the facts.

8 That’s the power ofmeaning. Happiness comes and goes. But when life is really good and when thingsare really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to.

58. What can we infer from the first twoparagraphs?

A. Life can be fulfilled by landing ideal jobs.

B. Life dilemma is easy for us to get out of.

C. Happiness is the core values in our culture.

D. Happiness is what most people pursue.

59. From the four pillars of a meaningfullife, we can know that ________.

A. nothing is as essential a source of meaning as belonging

B. purpose is less about what you want than what you give

C. transcendent fades easily and rarely makes us cheerful

D. the way of telling stories guarantees a meaningful life

60. The passage aims to tell us that________.

A. meaning is more important than happiness

B. seeking meaning does more good than bad

C. chasing happiness can makepeople unhappy

D. meaning has deeper psychological significance

【语篇解读】

主题：人与自我——追求生活的意义，而不仅仅是追求快乐；词数：444W；体裁：说明文；难度：★★★

大意：本文说明了追求快乐对于生活的重要性，但作者认为更重要的是找寻生活本身的价值和意义。

结构：本文语篇结构类型为：概括——具体类，分析如下：

【答案详解】

1. D 推理判断题

【定位句】Our culture is obsessed with happiness.

【翻译】我们的文化群体痴迷于追求快乐。

【解析】定位句的culture含义为“文化(某群体或组织的一致看法和态度)”，这与选项D“快乐是大多数人所追求的”完全吻合。由此可知选项D符合文意。

【干扰项排除】A项“得到理想的工作，生活便有了意义”可以从文中第一段“..., so I searched for that ideal job, that perfect boyfriend, thatbeautiful apartment. But insteadof ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious and adrift.”得知作者在寻找理想的工作时并未感到满足，反而是更加焦虑和浮躁。B项“生活的困境难以摆脱”和文意不符，因为第一、二段始终围绕happiness和meaning来展开，并未提及dilemma。C项“快乐是我们文化中的核心价值观”是迷惑性较强的一项，但是“core values”与“be obsessed with”存在感情色彩上的巨大差别。前者表示“核心观念、中流砥柱”，往往是为大部分人所接受的，最重要的，有正确导向的观念和看法，而obsessed则是指“受……困扰，对……着迷”，强调无法离开某事物，不断去思考某事物，甚至感到心神不宁，感情色彩主要是贬义的。从这一点上来看，C项明显错误。故排除。

2. B 细节理解题

【定位句】Finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding that job thatmakes you happy... The key to purpose is using your strengths to serve others.

【翻译】找到你的目标和找到让你感到快乐的工作不是一回事……找到目标的关键在于尽己所能帮助他人。

【解析】B项“目的性更多是关于你所给予的，而不是你所渴望得到的”准确地表达了定位句的意思。由此可知选项B符合文意

【干扰项排除】A项“作为生活意义的来源，没有什么比归属感更重要”说法绝对化，扩大了范围。原文语句“For many people, belongingis the most essential source of meaning.”中for many people是很明显的限定语。C项“超然稍纵即逝，很少让我们感到快乐”表述错误，原文中语句“Transcendent experiencescan change you. Transcendent states are those rare moments when you’re liftedabove the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, andyou feel connected to a higher reality.”重点在于说明超然是人们远离世俗，超越自我限制，类似于庄子《逍遥游》中表达的一种追求绝对自由的人生观：忘却物我的界限，达到无己、无功、无名的境界。而这和选项C表述明显矛盾。D项“讲故事为有意义的生活提供了保障”文中未提及。故排除。

3.A 主旨大意题

【解析】本题较为简单，根据以上分析不难得出本文主旨为“追求生活的意义远比追求快乐更重要”。

【技巧】纵观全文，作者始终没有离开对meaning和happiness的讨论，也就是说这两个词是文中的关键词，起到总结全文的作用。选项BCD均为单方面讨论，因此易排除。

C

1 In 2015 a paperpublished in a science magazine reported on the personality types of peopleliving in various London districts. Extroverts (外向的人), the researchers who wrote it had discovered, favored Richmond.Those who were most open to experience gathered in Hackney. People in Barnetscored lower than average on emotional stability.

2 What this study did not address was whether someone’s home rangereflects their personality traits or imposes them. In other words, is what isgoing on “nature” or “nurture” (培育) ? However, in a piece of research just published, Dr. Holtmann ofOtago University, in New Zealand, and his colleagues have filled that gap—atleast, they have filled it for dunnocks.

3 The dunnock is a European bird. It has, though, been introducedto New Zealand and its population has boomed there. It is a well-studiedspecies, and, inparticular, somebeing measurably bolder (更大胆的) and more tolerant of potentialthreats, such as nearby human beings, than others. The team’s research area wasthe Botanic Garden in Dunedin. This is open to the public, but some areas aremore frequented by visitors than others. Dunnocks have small territories, soit was possible to measure the amount of human disturbance in a giventerritory with reasonable precision. And, by wrapping each of the dunnocks inthe garden with colour-coded bands it was possible to identify individuals bysight. Altogether, the researchers looked at 99 of them.

4 They worked out abird’s level of threat tolerance by the simple method of walking towards it,and then measuring how close one could get before the bird flew away. They didthis several times for each bird every breeding season, and repeated theprocess over the course of three seasons.

5 A particular bird’s flight distance (ie, how closely it could beapproached before it departed) was, they found, consistent within a breedingseason. From season to season most birds got a little bolder—probably as theylearnt more about the world and what they could safely get away with. But thisincrease in boldness with age was small compared with the different startingpoints of bold and shy birds when they first arrived in a territory. It didnot, therefore, much affect the fact that, on average, birds’ flight distanceswere inversely correlated (负相关) with the level of human disturbance in their territories. This wasa consequence of disturbed territories being settled by bold birds, andundisturbed territories by shy ones.

6 In the case of dunnocks, then, nature wins over nurture. Dr.Holtmann was able to show that personalities match circumstances, rather thanbeing created by them. Dunnocks can recognize which places suit them best, andchoose to settle in them shortly after they are fully fledged (羽翼丰满). Most likely, that ishappening in London districts, too.

61. What does the underlined words “that gap” in the secondparagraph refer to?

A. What the paper publishedin 2015 failed to handle.

B. Whyextroverts favour certain areas in London district.

C. How Dr.Holtmann involved dunnocks in his study.

D. What theformer and latter study have in common.

62. From Paragraph3, we can know that dunnocks________.

A. are native to NewZealand B. have distinct personalities

C. are bolderthan human beings D. canbe easily identified by its color

63. What conclusion did Dr. Holtmann draw from his study?

A. Iwww.58yuanyou.comt’snurture rather than nature that matters in the case of dunnocks’ behaviour.

B. Birds’flight distances were in proportion to human disturbance in their territories.

C. Dunnockschoose their habitats wisely in the first place rather than adapt to them.

D. Bold birdsand shy birds alike settle in undisturbed territories in the botanicgarden.

64. What is the author’spurpose in writing the passage?

A. To argue thatcircumstances cultivate certain personalities.

B. To entertain readerswith some funny facts about dunnocks.

C. To present the findingof a scientific research about dunnocks.

D. To confirm theassumption that personalities match circumstances.

【语篇解读】

主题：鸟类会根据自己的性格特点选择居所；词数：487W；体裁：说明文；难度：★★★★

大意：本文是一篇科普说明文，说明一种欧洲鸟类会根据自己的性格特点选择居住在哪里。

结构：本文语篇结构类型为：现象——分析类，分析如下：

【答案详解】

1. A 细节理解题

【定位句】What this study did not address was whether someone’s home rangereflects their personality traits or imposes them. In other words, is what isgoing on “nature” or “nurture” ?

【翻译】这项研究没有解决的问题是，一个人的家庭范围究竟是反映还是强加给了他们的个性特征，换句话说，"天性"或"后天"是怎么回事？

【解析】gap是指“缺口，空白”，与选项A“这篇发表在2015年的论文没能解决的问题”相吻合。再根据该段第一句的意思，可知选项A符合文意。

2. B 细节理解题

【定位句】It is a well-studied species, and, in particular, somebeingmeasurably bolder and more tolerant of potential threats, such as nearby humanbeings, than others.

【翻译】它是一个经过深入研究的物种，特别是，个别个体比其他个体更大胆，更耐受潜在的威胁，比如附近的人类。

【解析】根据定位句可以了解到dunnock有独特的性格特征，由此可知选项B符合文意。

【干扰项排除】A项“原产于新西兰”错误，原文语句“It has, though, been introduced to New Zealand and its populationhas boomed there.”说明其是被引入新西兰，而非原产。C项“比人类大胆”明显不HjRazXDiy符合常理。D项“便于从颜色识别”文中未提及，故排除。

3. C 细节理解题

【定位句】This was a consequence of disturbed territoriesbeing settled by bold birds, and undisturbed territories by shy ones.

【翻译】这是由于大胆的鸟定居在受干扰的地区，而胆小的鸟则选择了不受干扰的地区安家。

【解析】通过第五段的叙述可以得知，在繁殖季节中, 这种鸟类的飞行距离(即它离开之前能够接近的距离)是恒定的，且它们飞走的平均距离与在其区域内的人为干扰程度成反比。再通过最后一句的叙述，易知选项C符合文意。

4. D主旨大意题

【解析】纵观全文，作者通过霍德曼博士的研究是为了证明个性与环境相匹配，从最后一段的最后一句也可以得知，作者认为这种情况也可能发生在伦敦市区。也就是说，鸟类的这种性格差异可能也适用于人类，完善了2015年研究的结果。由此可知选项D符合文意。

D

1 I’m sitting at homeworking, minding my business, and the mobile rings. It’s DC Lyle from Wandsworthpolice station. He says that my name was given to Crimestoppers anonymously asa potential witness to the ‘Putney Pusher’ incident. Remember that madman whopushed a woman into the path of a bus on Putney Bridge while out for hismorning jog? Well, six months on and they still haven’t found him—and DC Lylewants to meet.

2 I say I couldn’tpossibly help as I wasn’t a witness. DC Lyle says he still needs to meet. Ireaffirm there really was no point, I could be of no value; I wasn’t there. DCLyle insists, and in doing so mentions that he has my email address, and thathe tried to see me at my office yesterday (I wasn’t in). What? Somebody gavethe police my office address, email address and phone number. Who? Feelinginvaded and annoyed, I tell DC Lyle he could come at 10 a.m. the next day. Iput the phone down, and only then the penny dropped.I was a suspect.

3 I must know. Who was theperson who put my name forward? They obviously know me, but not well enough tocall me first and let me know they were going to report me to the police. Orperhaps they do know me well and have it in for me. That’s for another day.

4 I frantically search forthe video footage of the incident online. The images are grainy. Squint (眯眼看) the eyes and even I can see someresemblance. I look at the Pusher’s jogging gear. Not premium, I might be OK.He’s got fat calves. Result. Mine are sculpted (my best feature). The Pusher’sgot obvious moobs. Oh dear. I carry some permanent holiday weight, I admit it.All it would take is a bored jury and a half-decent prosecution barrister, andnone of this would be beyond reasonable doubt.

5 I need evidence provingmy innocence, so I fire up the iCal to see what my movements were on 5 May.There is nothing in the diary. This is not going well.

6 After a fitful night Iwake early. 9:45 a.m. arrives. The door buzzer goes. It’s DC Lyle and hissidekick. Of course they’re early, sneaky bastards. Look relaxed, Joel. Keepyourself together. DC Lyle and DC Sidekick show me their badges. I show themhow extremely nice and friendly I am. Once installed on my sofa (I didn’t offertea) they hit me with it—I am indeed a suspect.

7 “Someone put you forwardas the person that did this, and we’re here to investigate whether you did.Where were you on the morning of 5 May between the hours of 7:30 and 8:00a.m.?”

8 I have nothing. I livealone, work from home most days, no diary events, no witnesses as to mywhereabouts. Sweats. “Wait,” I say. “Almost every morning of the working week Igo to Pret A Manger to have a coffee at or about the time of incident.” But didI that day? Even if I did, what if it was a day when they gave me a coffee ‘onthe house’ as they often did, me being a regular ’n’ all. There might not becredit card records. More sweats.

9 I get the computer.American Express login. Search for May 2017 expense calendar(消费明细). Double click. Get in: 5 May2017—Pret A Manger, 1.95.

10 I’m in the clear. DCLyle peers over my shoulder at the screen. He’s satisfied I’m not the PutneyPusher. The Pret evidence is helpful, but he also says I’m taller than the realPusher. Skinnier, too. I tell him that’s because I’ve been jogwww.58yuanyou.comging a lotrecently.

65. Why did DC Lyle call “me” and insist on a meet?

A. Police thought “I” wasthe Putney Pusher.

B. The womancharged me with the incident.

C. Someone reported me tothe police station.

D. “I”accidentally knew who the suspect was.

66. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means _________.

A. money was wasted onanswering the phone call

B. moneyshould be paid to get rid of my suspicion

C. something serious wouldfollow for days to come

D. somethingpuzzling wasn’t understood until then

67. Thesentence “I have to clear my name, and reclaim ownership of my identity.”should be placed at the end of _________.

A. Para. 2 B.Para. 3 C. Para. 4 D. Para. 6

68. What “I” found of the incident indicates that _________.

A. “I”wouldn’t be suspected without putting on holiday weight

B. “I” amexactly the man who the police have been hunting for

C. it is reasonable for DCLyle to arrest “me” to finish his job

D. it isunfavorable for “me” not to have a habit of writing diaries

69. What can we learn from “my” meeting with DC Lyle?

A. Beingextremely friendly makes me more suspicious.

B. Theexpense calendar provides relief to my suspicion.

C. DC Lyle doesn’t assume Iam the Pusher in advance.

D. Recentjogging is a key to my tall and skinny feature.

70. Whatis the best title for the passage?

A. A false alarm B.The Pusher at large

C. Myidentity crisis D. Carelesspolicemen

【语篇解读】

主题：人与社会——“我”摆脱警方嫌疑的故事；词数：645W；体裁：记叙文；难度：★★★★

大意：这篇文章的背景是发生于2017年5月5日上午7:40在英国伦敦帕特尼的一起案件，一名慢跑者将一名妇女推入一辆迎面而来的公交车的道路上，所幸的是这名女性并未受到伤害。伦敦警方已经逮捕了好几个人，但很快被无罪释放，案件一直毫无进展。作者也是其中被列为嫌疑人的一个人，因此他写了这篇文章，叙述了自己的心理活动和证明自己无罪的过程。

结构分析如下：

【答案详解】

1. A 推理判断题

【定位句1】He says that my name was given to Crimestoppers anonymously as apotential witness to the ‘Putney Pusher’ incident.

【翻译】他说，我的名字是匿名给克里米斯托普斯（某机构的名字）的, 因为他是“帕特尼推车手”事件的潜在目击者。

【定位句2】“Someone put you forward as the person that did this, and we’re hereto investigate whether you did. Where were you on the morning of 5 May betweenthe hours of 7:30 and 8:00 a.m.?”

【翻译】“有人把你提出说你是凶手, 我们是来调查你到底是不是。5月5日早上7时30分至8时，你在哪里？”

【解析】根据定位句可以得知，尽管作者根本不是目击者，也帮不上什么忙，但是警方提到有人说作者有可能是潜在目击者，还把他的信息提供给了警方，由此警方给作者打电话坚持要求见面，一定是怀疑他就是凶手。故选A。

【干扰项排除】B项“那位女性指控了我”曲解了文意。根据作者的心理活动可以得知，作者认为是某人故意陷害他而把他的信息提供给了警方，而不是当事人亲自指控。C项“有人向警方举报了我”迷惑性较大，但实际这只能作为一个客观的条件，并不能作为警方坚持和我见面的主要原因。从常理来看，警方如果要对嫌疑人进行审问，不会根据某一个人的举报就随便抓人，必定要经过证据分析和调查。因此，警方是主观上认为作者是嫌疑犯，而并不是客观上有人举报了他，才会坚持要求见面。故排除。D项“我意外地知道了嫌犯是谁”在原文中未提及，只说明了视频中的慢跑男子和作者有些相似之处。故排除。

2. D 词义猜测题

【解析】从作者一开始对警方办案水平的无奈，到后来得知自己的个人信息都被警方掌握，作者的心理活动是由无奈变成紧张，同时由第二段作者猜想到有人可能想要陷害他到挂断电话之后，直到那时作者才明白，自己不是一开始说的潜在目击者，而是直接变成了嫌疑人。由此可知选项D“直到那时谜团才终于解开了”符合文意。the penny drops是一个常见的英国习语，表示“恍然大悟，茅塞顿开”，如果认识这个短语则作答过程更加轻松。

【干扰项排除】A项和B项均谈到了money，不符合文意，因为文章自始至终也没有提到打电话浪费钱以及需要交钱才能摆脱嫌疑。C项“几天后可能有危险的事要来临”通常是一个人要遭遇不测，遇到麻烦甚至外人报复的一个想法，和警方认为作者是嫌犯相比，这算不上“危险严重的事”。故排除。

3. B 段落结构题

【定位句】I must know. Who was the person who put my name forward? Theyobviously know me, but not well enough to caHjRazXDiyll me first and let me know theywere going to report me to the police. Or perhaps they do know me well and haveit in for me. That’s for another day.

【翻译】我必须得知道到底是谁告发我的？他们很显然认识我，但是跟我不熟，以致没有先电话给我，让我知道他们要把我送进警察局。或者还有一种可能，他们确实很了解我，并且对我有所隐瞒。那是另外一天。

【定位句2】I frantically search for the video footage ofthe incident online.

【翻译】我疯狂地在网上搜索该案件的视频片段。

【解析】根据作者的心理活动不难得知，作者被警方怀疑，不知道举报者到底对他了解多少，但是作者想做的就是要洗清嫌疑，重新证明自己身份的清白，因此和后文“疯狂搜索事件片段”，以及作者的推理过程对应。由此可知选项B符合文意，即“I have to clear my name, and reclaim ownership of my identity.’’应该放在作者对举报者的身份猜测之后，表明作者想要找到不在场证据的心理活动。

4. B推理判断题

【定位句】Once installed on my sofa (I didn’t offer tea) they hit me with it—Iam indeed a suspect.

【翻译】坐到沙发上之后（我没给他们倒茶），他们开门见山地说了，我的确就是他们的嫌疑人。

【解析】根据第4段可知，作者通过事件录像发现了假期后增胖的自己和视频里的人的相似点——都有些胖，所以警方一定是收到了别人对他的举报，以及对比视频发现作者嫌疑很大，同时根据作者最后说的“All it would take is a bored jury and a half-decent prosecutionbarrister, and none of this would be beyond reasonable doubt.”可知作者对伦敦警方办案指控罪犯的过程非常不满，心想原来凭借别人的举报和粗略的比对，警方就怀疑自己是嫌疑犯，再根据定位句的内容，作者明白了警方打电话坚持要求见面的原因。由此可知选项B符合文意。

【干扰项排除】A项“我要是假期不增肥就不会被怀疑了”和D项“我不写日记的习惯对我来说很不利”明显和作者心理活动不符。作者当时并非怪罪于自己和嫌犯有相似点，以及怪罪于自己没写日记证明自己的不在场，而是对警方拙劣的办案手法感到无奈，并非为自己感到任何惋惜。C项“Lyle探员逮捕我完成他的工作是合情合理的”和最后一句表达了相反的意思，原句是“这些都毫无道理”。故排除。

5. B推理判断题

【定位句】I get the computer. American Express login. Search for May 2017 expensecalendar. Double click. Get in: 5 May 2017—Pret A Manger, 1.95. I am in theclear.

【翻译】我去拿电脑。登录美国运通。搜索2017年5月5日的消费明细。双击。2017年5月5日, Pret a Manger, 1.95英镑。我是清白的。

【解析】根据定位句可知是这条消费明细证明了作者的不在场，由此可知选项B“这条消费明细消除了对我的怀疑”符合文意。

【干扰项排除】A项“表现得非常友好使我更受怀疑”文中未提及。C项“Lyle探员没有提前设想我是作案者”和第7段探员的问询相矛盾，很显然Lyle是设想好了作者就是嫌犯。D项“最近慢跑是我保持又高又瘦的体型的关键”是作者对探员的讽刺：“是因为我最近经常慢跑，所以才会比真正的嫌犯高一点，瘦一点”。故排除。

6. C

【解析】通过全文分析，可知作者对自己被怀疑为重大案件嫌疑犯，心理经过的一系列紧张活动，以及怎么证明自己清白的过程，自始至终是“我的身份”的“历险记”，所以选项C“我的身份危机”最能概括全文的内容。

【干扰项排除】A项“假警告”明显不符合文章内容和口吻，B项“逍遥法外的推手”可能是叙述一个在逃的嫌疑人如何避免警方的视线和调查，至今依然逍遥法外。D项“粗心的警察”则可能是叙述一个办案糟糕的警察如何搞砸一个或者一系列的案件的幽默小说的标题。均不符合此文的内容。故排除。

【技巧】在做此类题目时，一篇文章的标题就是其眼睛，起到概括全文的作用，看到题目往往可以模拟一下作者下面将会如何展开，内容可能是什么。通过这种方法往往可以迅速找到正确答案，排除错项。

In today’s society of growing lifesatisfaction, a good number of people’s happiness comes from ideal jobs,perfect partners and beautiful apartments——now widely regarded as the key factors affecting or even determininga person’s happiness. However, many become so obsessed with them that they feelanxious and adrift instead of ever feeling fulfilled. Believe it or not, a realfulfilling, meaningful life is less about the happiness you are pursuing than themeaning you are seeking.

Four pillars consist of a meaningful life,and chief among these is belonging. It comes from being in others’ companywhere you are valued for who you are and where you value others as well. Formost people, belonging is the key. Another source of meaning is purpose.Finding your purpose does not equate to landing your desirable jobs that makesyou happy. Rather, using your strengths to serve others matters. This givesyour life a purpose, something worthwhile to hold on to. In addition, steppingbeyond yourself, in other words, transcendence, also helps. When you are liftedabove the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, andyou feel connected to higher reality.

Finally, storytelling, in which you tellyourself about yourself, can make a difference to a meaningful life. In truth,we are the authors of our stories, who can change the way we write them, evenif we are constrained by the facts.

All these four factors combined guarantee ameaningful life. In fact, chasing happiness blindly does more harm than good,by which life can never be fulfilled. Those who think otherwise, think again!