小英说
2017年12月3日
在上一期语法专题中，我们学习“be动词的用法和技巧”。今天我们继续来学习小学英语中“There be 句型”的知识和用法。
下一期“语法专题”你想学点什么呢？欢迎在评论区留言哦~
{ There be句型 }
语法专题详解
There be 句型的用法：表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。(单数is 复数are )
eg：There is a table in the room. 房间里有一张桌子。
There are some birds on the tree.树上有很多鸟。
一、 There be 句型的结构：
1.常见句型结构
（一）There is+单数可数+地点状语
eg：There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。
（二）There are+复数主语+地点状语
eg：There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。
There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。
（三）there is + 不可数名词 +地点状语 （即使有some 也是 单数）
eg：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一原由网些水。 （水是不可数名词）
2. There be选择就近原则：
There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考原由网点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。
如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.
(在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。)
二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答
（一）There be 句型的疑问
1. 在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。
2. 肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are.
3. 否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
eg: 可数名词单数1. 肯定句There isan apple on the tree.
疑问句Is therean apple on the tree?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.
可数名词复数2. 肯定句There arefive pens on the desk.
疑问句Are therefive pens on the desk?
肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.
不可数名词的时候 3.肯定句There is some water in the cup. （水是不可数名词）原由网
否定句Is there anywater in the cup?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.
（二）There be 句型的特殊疑问句：
There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?"；
当主语是物时，用"What's + 介词短语?"。
（注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。）
② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用"Where is / are+主语?"
③对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？
eg:How many people are there in the picture?
How much water is there in the bottle ?
三、There be 句型的否定形式
There be 句型的否定： 否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，is not =isn’t are not= aren’t
但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.
1.Thereisa knife in the kitchen.
——否定:Thereis nota knife in the kitchen.
2.There arefwww.58yuanyou.comive apples on the tree.
—— 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.
3.There is somewater in the bottle.
——否定:Thereis not anywater in the bottle.
4.There are somebirds singing in the tree.
——否定:There are notanybirds singing in the tree.
专题练习及答案
一、选择题
1、Therea meeting tonight.
A will be B had be C is going be D was
2、There a knock at the door just now .
A will be B has been C were D was
3、Therea pen and two books on the desk now.
A are B be C is D was
4、There is _____ on the floor．
A．cat B．water C．boxes D．football
5、There are _____ on the floor．
A．cat B．water C．boxes D．football
二、句型转换：
１、（将句子转换成否定句）There is a bike behind the tree.
2、（将句子转换成否定句）There are some books on the desk .
3、（将句子转换成一般疑问句）There is some water on Mars.
三、句子画线部分提问
１、There aremany thingsover there.
2、There isa little girl in the//www.58yuanyou.com room.
3、There are four children on the playground.
4、There are threewomen in the picture .
5、There is somewater in the bottle .
参考答案：
一、选择题
1.首先观察题目本身的提示tonight，判断该题的时态是将来时，首先排除选项Ａ和Ｄ。Ｃ选项的结构不正确，故选Ａ。
2、首先观察题目本身的提示just now，判断该题的时态是一般过去时，首先排除选项Ａ和Ｂ。Ｃ选项是复数，不符和题意，故选Ｄ。
3、首先观察题目本身的提示now，判断该题的时态是一般现在时，首先排除选项Ｄ。选项B为原形不正确，排除。虽然原句中的主语是a pen and two books，但是根据就近原则，离there be 最近的是a pen，选项Ａ为复数形式，排除。故选Ｃ。
4、 由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，
5、由are可知主语应是可数名词复数，而A，Ｄ选项为可数名词单数。Ｂ选项为不可数名词，故选Ｃ。
二、句型转换：
１、There isn't a bike behind the tree.
2、There aren't any bikes behind the tree.
3、Is there any water on Mars?
三、就句子画线部分提问
１、What's over there?
2、Who is in the room?
3、Where are the four children?
4、How many women are there in the picture?
5、How much water is there in the bottle ?
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