误//www.58yuanyou.com用或漏用标点符号是英语书写中同学们最容易犯的错误之一。我们今天就来介绍一下英语中标点符号的www.58yuanyou.com正确用法。
撇号（'）在英文书写中主要有三大类用法。
一、表示所属关系
撇号（'）在英语中可以用来表示所属关系，通常用法是在名词后加 –'s。
1. 名词单数形式后加 –'s 表示所属关系
a baby's push car
Hanna's book
a child's cry
2. 不以 -s 结尾的名词复数形式后加 –'s 表示所属关系
children's games
women's clothes
people's lives
3. 以 -s 结尾的名词复数形式后加撇号（'）表示所属关系
Your grandparents are your parents' parents.
We're campaigning for workers' rights.
They've hired a new ladies' fashion guru.
4. 以 -s 结尾的名词单数形式或人名后加 –'s 表示所属关系
James's car
the octopus's tentacles
5. 在某些表示职业的单词后加 –'s 表示工作场所
She's on her way to the doctor's. 她正在去看医生的路上。/她正在去医院的路上。
James is at the hairdresser's. 詹姆斯在理发店。
6. 在人名后加 –'s 表示某人家
I'm going over to Harry's for tea tonight. 我今晚要去Harry家喝茶。
I popped round to Mum's this afternoon, but she wasn't in. 我今天下午去了妈妈家，但是她没在家。
【注意】：如果 –'s 前的人名是典型的希腊语名字或是名人/著名建筑，通常后面只加（'）而不加s。
Dickens' novels 狄更斯的小说
St Giles' Cathedral 圣吉尔斯大教堂
7. 其他用法
(1) 短语后加 –'s 表示所属关系
My next-door neighbour's dog was barking away like mad.
John and Cath's house was on TV last night.
(2) 不定代词后加 –'s 表示所属关系
Is this anybody's pencil case?
It's nobody's fault but mine.
(3) each o//www.58yuanyou.comther后加 –'s 表示所属关系
We're getting used to each other's habits. 我们渐渐熟悉了彼此的习惯。
We kept forgetting each other's names. 我们总是记不清对方的名字。
二、字母和数字使用中撇号的用法
1. 撇号（'）用在两位数字前表示年份或年代
French students rioted in '6//www.58yuanyou.com8. （'68即1968年）
He worked as a schoolteacher during the '60s and early '90s. （'60s/'90s即60年代/90年代）
2. 字母或数字后加 –'s 表示复数
字母或数字的复数需要在其后添加 –'s 增加可读性
Mind your p's and q's. （习语）注意言行。
His 2's look a bit like 7's. 他的2写得像7。
She got st原由网raight A's in her exams. 她考试得了全A。
三、缩写
撇号（'）可以表示某个或某些字母在书写时被省略，常用语助动词的省略形式。
be的缩写形式：I'm (am), we /you/they're (are), he/she/it/one's (is)
have的缩写形式：I/we/they've (have), he/she/it/one's (has), I/we/you/he/she/it/one/they'd (had)
would的缩写形式：I/we/you/he/she/it/one/they'd (would)
not的缩写形式：aren’t, isn't, haven't, hasn't
★关于 's 和 'd 的区分方法
1. 如果's后跟动词的 -ing 形式，则's是is的缩写。
He’s going to Ibiza for his holidays.
2. 如果's后跟形容词或名词短语，则's是is的缩写。
She’s nervous about meeting my parents.
3. 如果's后跟动词的过去分词，'s可能是is，表示被动语态。
It’s often said that rock stars are frustrated actors.
如果's后跟动词的过去分词，'s可能是has，表示现在完成时。
It’s been ages since we last saw you.
4. 如果's后跟动词got，则's是has的缩写。
She’s got two brothers and one sister.
It’s got everything you could want.
5. 如果'd后跟动词的过去分词，则'd是had的缩写。
I’d raced against him before, but never in a marathon.
6. 如果'd后跟动词原型，则'd是would的缩写。
I’d give up now, if I were you.
7. 如果'd后的词是rather或better，则'd是would的缩写。
We’d better go home soon.
I’d rather not talk about that.
